Athletics (Track & Field)
- Bob Hayes (USA) – Gold (100m, 4x100m relay) – Set a world record in the relay (39.0s).
- Abebe Bikila (Ethiopia) – Gold (Marathon) – Won his second consecutive Olympic marathon.
- Peter Snell (New Zealand) – Gold (800m, 1500m) – One of the greatest middle-distance runners.
- Wyomia Tyus (USA) – Gold (100m) – First woman to defend an Olympic 100m title (repeated in 1968).
- Al Oerter (USA) – Gold (Discus) – Third of four consecutive Olympic golds (1956–1968).
- Ann Packer (GBR) – Gold (800m), Silver (400m) – First British woman to win an Olympic gold in athletics.
- Ralph Boston (USA) – Gold (Long Jump), Silver (4x100m relay).
- Tamara Press (USSR) – Gold (Shot Put, Discus) – Dominant Soviet thrower.
- Iolanda Balaș (Romania) – Gold (High Jump) – Won her second consecutive gold, unbeaten for a decade.
Swimming
- Don Schollander (USA) – 4 Golds (100m freestyle, 400m freestyle, 4x100m freestyle relay, 4x200m freestyle relay).
- Steve Clark (USA) – 3 Golds (4x100m freestyle relay, 4x200m freestyle relay, 100m freestyle – heats only).
- Dawn Fraser (Australia) – Silver (100m freestyle) – Already a 3-time gold medalist (1956, 1960).
- Sharon Stouder (USA) – 3 Golds (100m butterfly, 4x100m freestyle relay, 4x100m medley relay), Silver (100m freestyle).
- Kathy Ellis (USA) – 2 Golds (4x100m freestyle relay, 4x100m medley relay), Bronze (100m butterfly).
Gymnastics
- Věra Čáslavská (Czechoslovakia) – 3 Golds (All-Around, Vault, Balance Beam), Silver (Team).
- Larisa Latynina (USSR) – 2 Golds (Team, Floor Exercise), 2 Silvers (All-Around, Vault), 2 Bronzes (Uneven Bars, Balance Beam) – Retired as the most decorated Olympian (18 medals).
- Yukio Endo (Japan) – 3 Golds (Team, All-Around, Horizontal Bar), 1 Silver (Pommel Horse).
- Boris Shakhlin (USSR) – Gold (Team), Silver (Pommel Horse), Bronze (All-Around).
Boxing
- Joe Frazier (USA) – Gold (Heavyweight) – Later became undisputed world champion.
- Valeri Popenchenko (USSR) – Gold (Middleweight) – Won Val Barker Trophy for best boxer.
- Vladimir Safronov (USSR) – Gold (Featherweight).
- Jerzy Kulej (Poland) – Gold (Light Welterweight) – Repeated gold in 1968.
Wrestling
- Osamu Watanabe (Japan) – Gold (Freestyle, 63kg) – Retired with an unbeaten record (186-0).
- Aleksandr Medved (USSR) – Gold (Freestyle, 97kg) – Later won two more golds (1968, 1972).
- István Kozma (Hungary) – Gold (Greco-Roman, Heavyweight).
Weightlifting
- Leonid Zhabotinsky (USSR) – Gold (Heavyweight) – Later won again in 1968.
- Yoshinobu Miyake (Japan) – Gold (Featherweight) – Set world records, won again in 1968.
- Rudolf Plukfelder (USSR) – Gold (Light Heavyweight).
Judo (Debuted in 1964)
- Anton Geesink (Netherlands) – Gold (Open Weight) – First non-Japanese Olympic judo champion.
- Isao Inokuma (Japan) – Gold (Heavyweight).
- Takehide Nakatani (Japan) – Gold (Lightweight).
Cycling
- Patrick Sercu (Belgium) – Gold (1km Time Trial) – Later became a legendary six-day racer.
- Mario Zanin (Italy) – Gold (Individual Road Race).
Rowing
- Vyacheslav Ivanov (USSR) – Gold (Single Sculls) – Third consecutive Olympic gold (1956–1964).
- The U.S. Coxed Eight (USA) – Gold – Included future sports administrator Bill Stowe.
Fencing
- Grigory Kriss (USSR) – Gold (Épée, Individual).
- Tibor Pézsa (Hungary) – Gold (Sabre, Individual).
Volleyball (Debuted in 1964)
- Japan (Women’s Team) – Gold – Undefeated, led by Masae Kasai.
- USSR (Men’s Team) – Gold – Dominated early Olympic volleyball.
Basketball
- USA (Men’s Team) – Gold – Featured Bill Bradley (future U.S. Senator).
Canoeing
- Larisa Latynina (USSR) – Wait, no—just kidding! (She was gymnastics.)
- Jürgen Eschert (Germany) – Gold (C-1 1000m).
Shooting
- Lones Wigger (USA) – Gold (50m Rifle, 3 Positions) – Later won another gold in 1972.
Diving
- Ken Sitzberger (USA) – Gold (Springboard).
- Ingrid Krämer (Germany) – Silver (Springboard) – Previously won double gold in 1960.
Honorable Mentions (Silver & Bronze Medalists)
- Billy Mills (USA) – Gold (10,000m) – One of the biggest upsets in Olympic history.
- Basil Heatley (GBR) – Silver (Marathon).
- Kip Keino (Kenya) – Silver (1500m) – Later became a 2-time Olympic champion.
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